The Battle Between Grendel And Beowulf - 1133 Words

Carl Van Clausewitz once said, â€Å"Courage, above all things, is the first quality of a warrior.† In a culture where being a warrior is a very integral part of everyday lives, having courage is a key component of social survival. To have courage means to be able to defend a kingdom by every means possible. It means protecting and ascertaining the wellbeing of the people within one’s own kingdom. And above all, courage means remaining loyal to one’s king, regardless of the circumstance. This is the warrior culture that Beowulf in Beowulf was a part of successfully as a thane, and the same warrior culture that leads the narrator in The Wanderer to lament past memories. In Beowulf, the fight between Grendel and Beowulf was certainly a nail-biter. In this fight, however, Beowulf shows his courage by doing his absolute best at defending the kingdom by taking on this gruesome monster. Grendel was wreaking havoc on the kingdom to no end. He was killing many and terror izing the citizens greatly. When Beowulf heard of this, as a courageous thane, he stepped in to try to stop this and protect the people. â€Å"Hygelac’s kinsman kept [Grendel] helplessly locked in a handgrip. As long as either lived, he was hateful to the other. The monster’s whole body was in pain; a tremendous wound appeared on his shoulder. Sinews split and the bone-lappings burst. Beowulf was granted the glory of winning; Grendel was driven under the fen-banks, fatally hurt, to his desolate lair (LinesShow MoreRelatedSymbolism Of Beowulf716 Words   |  3 Pagespoem Beowulf, Grendel who is the first monster Beowulf battles snatched up 30 men and it is to be said that beowulf has the strength of 30 men. Beowulf is an epic poem translated by Burton Raffel. In Beowulf there is three battles with three different monsters, Grendel, Grendels mother, and a dragon. The three battles have a symbolic meaning throughout the whole book. The three battles in the epic poem represent more than just two enemies fighting for victory, they are battles between the internalRead MoreThe Threshold Of The Hero847 Words   |  4 PagesThese guardians see if the hero is ready to head into the unknown world and either allow or prevent the hero from crossing the threshold. The watchman of the wall, who served as the Shieldings lookout, represents a threshold guardian by questioning Beowulf and his warriors. When challenging the Geats during their arrival, the guardian asked What kind of men are you who arrive rigged out for combat in coats of mail, sailing here over the sea-lanes in your steep-hulled boat? (Heaney 17). Wulfgar, theRead MoreEssay on Beowulf study guide1576 Words   |  7 Pages1) Describe how we find King Hrothgar and his response to learning that Beowulf has come to his kingdom. A. The king is sad and depressed that his kingdom has fallen into such a state of disrepair. He is overjoyed to learn that Beowulf, whom he knows from stories and his father, Ecgtheow, has come to fight Grendel. Hrothgar promises Beowulf treasure if he can defeat the monster. 2) In the beginning of â€Å"Beowulf,† King Hrothgar’s hall has been deserted for twelve years. In a short essay, tell whyRead MoreCompare and Contrast: Beowulf and Grendel Essay604 Words   |  3 PagesThere are many similarities and differences between the movie Beowulf and Grendel, to the poem. Major differences between the movie and the poem would be Grendel himself. In the poem, he is described as an evil monster born from two demons. In the movie, Grendel is actually human, but known as a troll to the warriors and Danes. The poem doesn’t give the background of Grendel or show how the Danes killed his father and the possible reason of his revenge, like in the movie. If the witch, Selma, wasRead MoreEssay about Beowulf (Christianity vs. Paganism)664 Words   |  3 Pages Christianity vs. Paganism nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the story of Beowulf, there is a noticeable struggle between Christianity and Paganism, and the characters personal battle between the two. Throughout the story the characters display actions that lead towards Paganism and Christianity. Contrary to Pagan belief Beowulf is seen as the epitome of good and beneficent to all of mankind. In Beowulf, the people showed their faith and love in God, however due to horrific events, paranoia causedRead MoreAnalysis Of Beowulf And The Three Battles 725 Words   |  3 PagesBingaman Mr. Strausbaugh British Literature 18 September 2015 Beowulf and the Three Battles According to Michael Delahoyde Kings should display the heroic ideal and be known for an extraordinary and courageous feat or for success in war, all preceded by some boasting. In the epic poem, Beowulf eventually became king and even before that time, the people looked up to him for his bravery and courage. Beowulf bragged often and although battling certain enemies seemed grueling, he keptRead MoreEssay on Beowulf (Christianity vs. Paganism)689 Words   |  3 PagesChristianity vs. Paganism In the story of Beowulf, there is a noticeable struggle between Christianity and Paganism, and the characters personal battle between the two. Throughout the story the characters display actions that lead towards Paganism and Christianity. Contrary to Pagan belief Beowulf is seen as the epitome of good and beneficent to all of mankind. In Beowulf, the people showed their faith and love in God, however due to horrific events, paranoia caused them to look for a quickRead MoreTheme Of Supernatural In Beowulf1142 Words   |  5 Pagesidea of the supernatural is very prevalent in Beowulf; describe three instances where supernatural beings or ideas come into play and what they add to the plot. In the story of Beowulf there are three different references to supernatural beings. Grendel along with his mother portrays evilness and the other is a fire breathing dragon. In the beginning of the story the narrator describes Grendel to be feared among the town and very strong. As said in Beowulf â€Å"He was spawned in that slime, Conceived byRead More Heroism in Beowulf Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesBatman are heroes! They possess the two traits that are needed in western civilization to be considered a hero: wisdom and fortitude. These modern heroes have wisdom and fortitude. Did Beowulf possess these traits? Beowulf shows he is a hero through both his wisdom and fortitude throughout his adventures. Beowulf is a great hero because he possesses both wisdom and fortitude. Wisdom is one of the traits of hero, but what is wisdom. Wisdom is the ability to make the right judgment, the right decisionRead MoreTheme Of Violence In Beowulf844 Words   |  4 Pagesancient times. The poem â€Å"Beowulf† was written between the eighth and eleventh century by an anonymous author. The poem recounts the story of a brave warrior, named Beowulf, who battles three great monsters. Two of the monsters, Grendel and Grendel’s Mother, terrorize the people of Daneland and the third monster, the Dragon, lives in Beowulfs homeland. The epic poem â€Å"Beowulf† illustrates and normalizes the idea of violence within the Pagan Warrior Culture. In â€Å"The Wrath of Grendel† we see the gruesome

Summary Of Frankenstein By Judith Guest - 1701 Words

Nia Gordon 6/4/15 Kaufman/10 G Band Outline Frankenstein by Mary Shelly and Ordinary People by Judith Guest’s both display the consistent theme of abandonment by parent guardians. Both protagonists, the Creature and Conrad, experience rejection from their parents and constantly try to search for love and attention in different aspects of society because they unfortunately can not receive it from their parents. Because no individual wants to associate with the Creature he becomes imorally and seeks revenge on the entire human race for not accepting him. Contrastly Conrad fortunately has the support of several individuals who are constantly trying to make him happy even though he is only trying to seek the acceptance of his mother. Although both the Creature in Mary Shelly’s Frankenstein and Conrad in Judith Guest s Ordinary People are both abandoned by parental figures, the creature is unable to gain support from anyone making him completely isolated, while Conrad is able to gain support from Berger his therapist and his father Cal, ultimately allowing him to heal from the rejection of his mom. The Creature in Mary Shelley s Frankenstein and Conrad in Judith Guest’s Ordinary People are both abandoned by a parent figure because they do not meet the high expectations of perfection placed on them by their parents. After the tragic death of his brother, Conrad and his family were unfortunately unable cope with the loss so instead of talking about it â€Å"they wouldn t be

The Journey Of Ibn Battutah - 949 Words

Ibn Battutah was born in 1304 into a family of native North Africa origin. He was brought up in a good Muslim home and identified culturally as an Arab-Muslim Introduction x. Ibn decided to became a qadi, or judge for his profession. However, soon he got restless and wanted to do accomplish more than just completing the same tasks over and over again for the rest of his life. Ibn decided to travel in the search of knowledge, Introduction x. He decided to go out and see the world, starting with plan of making a pilgrimage to Mecca. Ibn was traveling at an opportune time in the Middle East. The crusades and the danger they posed were long past, trade routes were open and wide spread, making traveling more convenient than before, and being a legal expert from old Islam, Ibn’s expertise was welcome in every country he would travel to. Ibn Battutah traveled from 1325 to 1354. His travels stretched from Africa to the Black Sea to India and even all the way to China. Many of these pl aces were Islamic and it shows how vast the Islamic Empire really was. Ibn provided a great knowledge base for the other Islamic and non-Islamic cultures that were during the middle 1300s, that otherwise would have been non-existent. His extensive travels provided glimpses into different ways of life and different cultures. Ibn Battutah’s book has been used as a guide for traveling and knowledge ever since he wrote it. Ibn Battutah was traveling with a Muslim perspective. He was very interested in theShow MoreRelatedIbn Battutah s Account Of His Travels Through Africa And The Eurasian Continent Essay1667 Words   |  7 Pagesibn Battutah s account of his travels through Africa and the Eurasian continent are a fascinating narrative of the civilizations and cultures existing there in the 14th century; however, his account must be treated with a healthy dose of skepticism as he is the sole narrator, influenced by his opinions, feelings, culture, and ultimate goals for his writing. There s no doubt that ibn Battutah offers much knowledge about the regions, but he only ever provides a selective picture, frequently pointingRead MoreChapter 12 World History Study Guide1158 Words   |  5 Pagestreat smallpox. Avicenna, wrote a medical encyclopedia. It was used in Europe until the 1600s and is one of the most famous books in the history of medicine. Ibn Battutah Ibn Battutah traveled to Africa, India, China, and Spain. Ibn Battutah was one of the famous Muslim visitor to write about West Africa. Ibn Battutah’s account of this journey describes the political and cultural lives of West Africans. Omar Khayyam Sufi poets usually wrote about loyalty to God. Omar Khayyà ¡m was one of the most famousRead MoreContribution of Muslim Scholars to Development of Economics as a Science7547 Words   |  31 Pagesterminology. Ibn Abd ai-Salam quotes Imam Shafii as saying: A poor man assigns to one dinar much greater value for himself, while a rich man may not consider hundreds of any big value due to his riches. Similar opinion was also expressed by al-Juwayni. AI-Shaybani recognized even the idea of disutility as he says, ..... a person eats for his own utility and there is no utility after a full stomach, rather there could be disutility. Subjective nature of utility is best described by Ibn ai-Jawzi

Police in America Essay Sample free essay sample

Harmonizing to our text. Robert Peel is the â€Å"father of modern policing† ( Walker A ; Katz. 2011 ) . Robert Peel was an English political leader whom saw the demand to better and construction jurisprudence enforcement. ( Walker A ; Katz. 2011 ) He devoted his clip to seeking solutions to his states of all time turning societal jobs. Peel helped make the first constabulary force. â€Å"The London Metropolitan Police in 1829† ( Walker A ; Katz. 2011 ) . Peel adapted the military usage of uniforms. ranks and hierarchy to put accent on the functions of constabulary in the community. The three nucleus elements instated by Peel were â€Å"crime bar. constabulary presence in the community through patrol. and the organisation of constabulary into a signifier of military type construction. † ( Walker A ; Katz. 2011 ) The accent of offense bar was to detour offense by presence of officers in the community. Communities were now able to separate the function of the o fficers by the distinction of their uniforms which commanded regard and offered security and this became used in modern constabulary forces in the United States. In the United States we use this military type theoretical account in our constabulary bureaus. There are ranks. hierarchy constructions. internal personal businesss subdivisions to avoid police corruptness. differing badges to denote the constabulary type. usage of arms. to call a few similarities between modern constabularies units and military. Emphasis seems to hold changed from the thoughts of offense bar. In many instances there are non many officers present in the community as there one time was. The officers are non every bit much a seeable presences as they one time were. With the thoughts that police patrol would offer a roundabout way emmet to offense the population has grown and the thoughts of a changeless constabulary presence has fallen off. There are non adequate constabulary to cover mass countries at all times and though these thought are present in current jurisprudence enforcement there is demand to reassess their effectivity. Robert Peel was able to concentrate the constabulary into an organized unit and do profound usage of the officers in the community to detour offenses and protect the inexperienced person. The relationship between the constabulary organisations and the authorities can be confounding. There are six degrees of jurisprudence enforcement â€Å"federal. province. county. municipal. township. and tribal. † ( Walker A ; Terry. 2012 ) Each of these degrees is capable to authorities regulations of jurisprudence. Laws are passed into consequence by the authorities. local. province or federal. and therefore each degree has the power to put to death the upholding of these Torahs. Legal power is the primary relationship between these degrees. The federal degrees of jurisprudence enforcement are to regulate their legal power merely unless asked to help by other bureaus. With the section of fatherland security reconstituting the functions of many jurisprudence enforcement bureaus there is a larger demand for communicating between local and federal jurisprudence enforcement. Unfortunately there is a job with the transportation of power from one bureau to another and the demand s for communicating were raised since 9/11. Information sharing between all degrees of jurisprudence enforcement is a primary end since the panic onslaughts of 9/11. The section of fatherland security was formed therefore doing a restructuring between all sections to portion any panic linked information. â€Å"Under the umbrella of the section of fatherland security all degrees of jurisprudence enforcement are encouraged to pass on and move in conformity to contend terrorist act and support the state and its citizens from terrorist acts† ( DOJ. 2011 ) . The gray countries of legal power may still be at that place but the coming together of all degrees of jurisprudence enforcement to protect against menaces of panic has created a cohesive consequence amongst all degrees of jurisprudence enforcement. Louis Brandeis. U. S. Supreme Court Justice. Olmstead v. United States ( 1928 ) . stated â€Å"If the authorities becomes a law-breaker. it breeds disdain for jurisprudence ; it invites every adult male to go a jurisprudence unto himself ; it invites anarchy. † The chief end of the constabulary force is maintain safety and security for al l citizens. In today’s society there is still the demand for continuing the civil autonomies and rights of suspects and citizens likewise. In some ways the governments’ relationship can strive communicating between bureaus and cloud legal power lines. The first thoughts I can see that may do tenseness is funding. Since many financess are allocated for specific dockets and political ties may act upon the support determinations. The clouded legal power lines may be due mostly in portion to the oversight in communicating between bureaus. Police officers can non make an efficient occupation without the support of the authorities. Besides. new Torahs and ordinances can do confusion for officers and therefore makes the occupation of patroling an on-going growing profession. The authorities creates Torahs and expects the constabulary to work within the jurisprudence to continue it. Therefore. the regulation and rights of the suspect and victim are in changeless consideration. Civil autonomies and civil rights are to be upheld at all times doing regulations for due procedure and hunt and ictus stricter. The rigorous regulations on constabularies process can assist win more instances against felons. If the regulations are followed the grounds collected by the constabulary is admissible in tribunal and if the regulations are broken it can do the grounds to be tossed out and affects the result of the instance. There seems to be a mutual relationship between the authorities and police staff. The communications may be missing. the regulations can be hard to follow but if officers work within the parametric quantities set Forth by the authorities and the authorities works to foster support the constabulary I can see a tendency of solidarity and non strive. Mentions: Department of Justice. Continuing Life and Liberty. retrieved from the cyberspace: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. justness. gov/archive/ll/highlights. htm Grant. H. B. A ; Terry. K. J. 2012. Law Enforcement in the 21stCentury. 3rd erectile dysfunction. Upper Saddle River. NJ. Pearson/Prentice Hall. Louis Brandeis. U. S. Supreme Court Justice. Olmstead v. United States ( 1928 ) . Google hunt. Civil Liberties. Retrieved from the cyberspace: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. jurisprudence. Cornell. edu/supct/html/historics/USSC_CR_0277_0438_ZD. hypertext markup language Walker. S. A ; Katz. C. M. 2011. The Police in America: An Introduction. 7th erectile dysfunction. New York. NY. McGraw-Hill.

Beowulf Literary Analysis Essay Example

Beowulf Literary Analysis Essay Example Beowulf Literary Analysis Essay Beowulf Literary Analysis Essay Nick Paine 3/11/13 Beowulf Literary Analysis In the poem Beowulf, the issue of whether or not this particular period is more barbaric or is more civilized. The author of Beowulf is trying to present a certain message in the poem. The message that can be pulled from Beowulf is that even within a society of thought to be malicious and barbaric, there is still room for it to be civilized. When you think of Vikings you don’t necessarily think of a civilized society. In Beowulf, the society of that particular era and people is thought to be fighting, dangerous and overall barbaric. This assumption is not completely because in the poem, the are big into fighting and most importantly there are monstrous creatures running amok, reeking havoc. With the monsters of Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon existing, it makes the society seem that much more horrid and barbaric. In the poem it describes Grendel by saying â€Å"He was spawned in that slime of Cain, murderous creatures banished by God, punished forever for the crime of Abel’s death. (35 l. 105-108 ). This just goes to show how elements like this can cause someone to believe this time period is more barbaric. However, after a closer evaluation of the poem you are able to see that this society is not as barbaric as it originally seems. Two examples of something that shows how this society can be considered civilized are the mead hall, and the armor worn by the people. In the poem it refers to the mead hall as the â€Å"Gold shining hall† (40, l. 239), this quote emphasizes the importance and pride they take in the mead hall. The mead hall is decorated with vast quantities of gold and it represents the respect it gets from the society. The armor is also regarded in the text when it says â€Å"Helmeted, the silvery metal of his mail shirt gleaming with a smith’s high art†(37, l. 139-140). This quote shows, once again, shows the pride of these people, this time in their armor. So, what you can conclude from this is that they can’t be so barbaric if they are taking the time and putting in the effort into these things. Their pride symbolizes how civilized the society actually was. Before analyzing the poem one may look at this society as being barbaric simply because of the monsters and what they know about Viking warriors. Yet, after further evaluation of the text you are able to find the messages the author has left, giving the idea that maybe the society is not so barbaric after all. Altogether, in the end it is safe to say the author has left a lesson saying not all things that are barbaric can’t be civilized.

Reality in Jean Genet’s ‘the Balcony’ Essay Essays

Reality in Jean Genet’s ‘the Balcony’ Essay Essays Reality in Jean Genet’s ‘the Balcony’ Essay Essay Reality in Jean Genet’s ‘the Balcony’ Essay Essay Jean Genet’s Le Balcon ( or The Balcony ) is an absurdist drama in which the chief construction is the â€Å"philosophical conflict between semblance and reality† ( Savona 1983: 76 ) and this essay will look into some of the degrees of world within an absurdist and existential philosopher context in Genet’s drama. The drama itself â€Å"offers a stunningly theatrical geographic expedition of the relationship between phantasy and reality† ( Patterson 2005: 32 ) whilst besides seeking â€Å"to negate world itself† ( Innes 2001: 438 ) . Whilst besides trying to transform world into a fantasy universe in which its characters can get away the discouragement of day-to-day life. it is â€Å"also designed to be a moving drama which†¦ keeps the audience aware that it is a play† they are watching and non leting them to acquire lost in the universe of semblance. phantasy and desire that the characters are trapped in ( Reck 1962: 23 ) . This echoes a technique used as portion of Brecht’s Verfremdungseffekt. and by maintaining the witness at a critical distance. they become perceivers and therefore can larn something about their ain lives and the universe in which they live. The drama is set in Madame Irma’s Maison d’illusions ( or house of semblances ) which to the witness is clearly a whorehouse. but non a whorehouse in the conventional sense. In the whorehouse. work forces of mundane walks of life ( for illustration a pipe fitter ) act out sexual phantasies with the adult females that work at that place. Their sexual phantasies are by no agencies conventional either. for illustration the ‘clients’ of the whorehouses take on the character of powerful work forces. viz. a bishop. an executioner. a justice and a general. From the expounding of the drama. it is ill-defined that the bishop isn’t really a bishop as the costume. duologue and action of the bishop are wholly reliable aside from the fact that the powerful characters â€Å"tower over all the other histrions every bit good as the audience† ( McMahon 1963: 110 ) . This is visually unrealistic and takes the witness off from pragmatism right from the oncoming. yet somehow pull them into this universe of semblance. The sexual Acts of the Apostless were intended by Genet to incorporate significance and non to be realistic. They are merely projections. a series of images of adult male trapped in a hall of mirrors. non trying to convey naturalism in the slightest ( McMahon 1963: 176 ) and the characters’ â€Å"performance becomes contemplations of reflections† ( Innes 2001: 438 ) . As Esslin provinces in his The Theatre of the Absurd. â€Å"there are no characters in the conventional sense†¦merely the images of basic impulses and impulses† ( Esslin 2001: 22 ) . Image is of cardinal importance in the drama ; it is everything â€Å"for the deeper one moves into images the less danger there will be of reality’s coming back to oppugn the veracity of the images† ( McMahon 1963: 162 ) . One of the cardinal subjects of the drama is the flight from world. and as T. S Eliot wrote â€Å"human sort can non bear much reality† ( 1964: 69 ) . one of the cardinal messages Genet is seeking to portray in his drama. There is a strong sense of the histrion unifying with the character in The Balcony ( Savona 1983: 86 ) . or the character unifying with the phantasy characters they attempt to portray in the whorehouse. or characters they so long to be. even for merely an hr or so. This unauthentic relationship between world and phantasy reflects human nature and life itself – we have all at some point aspired. or even wished that we could be person else. person with power or regard. However as McMahon suggests â€Å"there is no aspiration within the motive of these people to be bishop. justice or general ; the bound of their aspirations knows its scope. and the cutting off point†¦is the thin line between pretension and reality† ( 1963: 160 ) . The drama takes a bend when the clients of the whorehouse are forced to take on the characters they are feigning to be for existent. It is at this point that the semblance is destroyed and the work forces of mundane life no longer want the functions they are playing. For them. the functions are now excessively realistic and there is no flight from them – the relationship between world and phantasy has become reliable. When the characters are moving out their functions in the existent universe. they are no longer comforted by their imaginativeness ; they are faced with the rough world of life. the one thing that they have sought to get away in the first topographic point. This is reinforced by the fact the characters are loath to help the head of constabulary and be â€Å"dragged from their dream universe into the abrasiveness and dangers of reality† ( Thody 1970: 186-187 ) . The revolution outside can be seen as a symbol of existent life. â€Å"Were it non for the revolution. the assorted characters could go on to play their games in the enclosed a-historical ambiance provided for them†¦but the revolution is at that place. and threatens at any minute to destruct their universe of semblance completely† ( Thody 1970: 179 ) . During the drama. assorted sounds of gunshot can be heard in the background of the scenes – A menace from the existent universe outside reminding the characters they have tried to get away life and whilst this may be successful for the hr they are in the whorehouse. existent life is still traveling out outdoors. â€Å"Machine gun fire efforts to sabotage the thaumaturgy of semblance created and reflects Brecht’s distancing effect† ( Savona 1983: 89 ) . Once once more Genet forces the witness to retrieve that they are watching a drama. but besides when we all hide behind the frontage of life. or seek and get away world. the existent universe is still really much at big in the background and we can’t ignore this! â€Å"The subject of semblance reaches its flood tide at the very terminal of the action. when Madame Irma comes to the forepart of the phase to remind the audience that they have. after all. merely been watching a play† ( Thody 1970: 185 ) . The witness is all of a sudden brought back to ‘the existent word’ holding witnessed histrions playing characters. characters playing characters. characters playing people. The audience has taken the journey through Madam Irma’s ‘house of illusions’ . and has been presented with a theatrical projection of humanity through many planes of world. She tells the audience â€Å"you must now travel place. where everything – you can be rather certain – will be falser than here†¦You must now go† ( Genet 1966: 96 ) . She has highlighted that as worlds we have a inclination to conceal behind the frontage of life. to travel along with what we are told and what we see. therefore taking life for granted. We so think back to the characters in the drama and gain how they are merely projections of ourselves. â€Å"Genet proclaims the semblance of world and the world of illusion† ( Nelson 1963: 61 ) . For the witness and the characters â€Å"reality has become indiscernible from illusion† ( Nelson 1963: 65 ) and the audience must inquire themselves where does reality stop and pretension Begins. BIBLIOGRAPHY Eliot. T. S. . Murder in the Cathedral ( Fort Washington PA: Harvest Books. 1964 ) Esslin. Martin. The Theatre of the Absurd. 3rd Edition ( London: Metheun. 2001 ) . Genet. Jean. The Balcony ( New York: Grove Press. 1966 ) Innes. Christopher. ‘Theatre After Two World Wars’ . in The Oxford Illustrated History of the Theatre. erectile dysfunction. by John Russell Brown ( Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001 ) . pp. 380-444. Macquarrie. John. Existentialism ( Baltimore: Pelican Books. 1972 ) McMahon. Joseph H. . The Imagination of Jean Genet ( New Haven: Yale University Press. 1963 ) Nelson. Banjamin. ‘The Balcony and Parisian Existentialism’ . The Tulane Drama Review. 7:3 ( 1963 ) . 60-79. Oswald. Laura. Jean Genet and the Semiotics of Performance ( Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. 1989 ) Patterson. Michael. The Oxford Dictionary of Plays ( Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2005 ) Reck. Rima Drell. ‘Appearance and Reality in Genet’s Le Balcon’ . The New Dramatists. 29:1 ( 1962 ) . 20-25. Savona. Jeannette L. . Jean Genet ( London and Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press. 1983 ) Styan. J. L. . The English Stage ( Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1996 ) Thody. Philip. Jean Genet: A Survey of His Novels and Plays ( New York: Stein and Day. 1970 ) .

Freud - fear and fantasy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Freud - fear and fantasy - Essay Example The goal of this paper is to critically analyse how Newton’s TV ad appeals to its contemporary consumers through fear and fantasy symbols and suggestions. The framework of psychoanalysis will be used to interpret the meaning of this advertisement to target market segments. This advertisement uses fear and fantasy to respond to the unconscious desires of killing the ageing self, repressing sadism, and pursuing role reversal, and the conscious desires of being young and beautiful again, because of its underlying sexual and power benefits. One of the most powerful unconscious desires concerns violence, which in the advertisement’s case, refers to self-harming the ageing self. Freud's theories of aggression were multifaceted and evolved all through his lifetime. He first saw aggression as part of the sexual instinct that drives the â€Å"service of mastery† (Freud, 1905 cited in Yakeley and Meloy 2012, p.231), but afterwards, he believed that aggression constitutes a reaction to both internal and external risks, such as loss, and promotes self-preservation (Freud 191 cited in Yakeley and Meloy 2012, p.231). ... It indicates the subconscious hatred to be old, because to be old means being left behind, losing one’s social connections, and feeling weak, helpless, and unneeded. In the article, â€Å"When the Glass Is Full,† Bolgar (2002) talked about Erikson’s stages of human life, where old age is characterised as a struggle between â€Å"integrity† and â€Å"despair† (p.640). He believed that during this time, anxiety is based on â€Å"transference† or â€Å"resistance† to ageing (p.642). The resistance can be so fierce that negative emotions are attributed to the aspect of growing old. The â€Å"Olay Total Effects† ad maintains that old age is something people do not have to embrace in the physical sense. The signs of old ageing, it suggests, are repulsive, and the only way to preserve life’s beauty is to remain young-looking through using its product. Ageing is the first stage before dying, and so striving to look young as long as possible is critical to killing the ageing self. Looking youthful makes people feel less vulnerable to death. It seems that they are delaying the inevitability of their mortality. The compulsion is to use age-defying products, so that women can resist ageing. Newton’s Olay ad promises the fountain of youth. If Newton can kill the ageing self, then other consumers can also do this, without feeling guilty about it. The ad is saying that its product is the answer, or more specifically, the acceptable answer to the fear of ageing. They cannot harm themselves to fight the signs of growing old. Their anger can be diffused through doing something about their fear of ageing; this can be attained through decreasing its signs. This ad asserts that it can offer something